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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Parischnogaster nigricans serrei ： ウィキペディア英語版 Parischnogaster nigricans serrei ''Parischnogaster nigricans serrei'' is a hover wasp species in the family Vespidae, and it is predominantly found in the Java region of Indonesia. Its nest cells are of conical structure, linearly attached to a string-like substratum. The nests are typically found in places open to human interactions, such as gardens, trees, or forests around villages. Its colonies have a clear dominance hierarchy, which often affects the behavioral activities of its members. The wasp’s most common predators are''Vespa tropica, ''also known as the Great Banded Hornet''. P. nigricans serrei ''defends itself by flying away or giving out alarm calls''. '' == Taxonomy and phylogenetics == Studies investigating the biology and social behavior of Stenogastrinae subfamily wasps have begun since the early 20th century, but some of their unusual morphological and ethological traits make it hard for them to have a specific systematic allocation in the phylogenetic tree. These wasps also vary a significant degree in terms of social organization since there are some species that show a rather primitive social life while some display complex, socially dependent behaviors. Consequently, Van der Vecht classifies them as members of the subfamily of the Eumenidae family, while Carpenter considers them to be included in the Vespidae family along with Euparaginae, Masarinae, Eumeninae, Polistinae and Vespinae.〔Turillazzi, S. “‘Colonial Cycle of ''Parischnogaster nigricans serrei'' (Du Buysson) in West Java (Hymenoptera Stenogastrinae)’”. ''Insectes Sociaux'' 32(1): 43-60.〕 Therefore, studying Stenogastrinae family species has long been regarded as a way to investigate the evolution of social life in Hymenoptera due to the wide spectrum of eusociality displayed in their wasps.〔Turillazzi, S. “‘Extranidal Behaviour of ''Parischnogaster nigricans serrei'' (Du Buysson) (Hymenoptera, Stenogastrinae)’”. ''Aeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie'' 63: 27-83.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Parischnogaster nigricans serrei」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.